考研英语阅读中,存在着大量的长难句,这也成为了考研党的“心头病”。长短句其实需要针对性研究一下,别总见到长难句就退缩了。长难句主要是在简单句基础上改造而成,主要有修饰成分复杂;大段的插入语或同位语;语序调整或倒装。
例1:The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
长难句解析:
主干识别:
1. The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:
研究者的观点源自于对社会影响的简单观察:
2. even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others
即使是一个人群中最有影响力的成员也不会与那么多的人进行互动
其他成分:
With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey 状语
—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence— 定语从句做插入语
奥普拉非凡的存在主要是一个媒体功能的影响,而不是人际关系的影响
参考译文:研究者的观点源自于对社会影响的简单观察:除了个别像奥普拉.温弗瑞这样的名人,即使是一个人群中最有影响力的成员也不会与那么多的人进行互动。而奥普拉非凡的存在主要是一个媒体功能的影响,而不是人际关系的影响。
例2:Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.
词汇突破:
1.passionate 热衷于…
2. leverage 利用
3. alert 通知
长难句解析:
Consumers may create "earned" media
A company may leverage “owned” media
其他成分:
passionate about a product 热衷于某一产品 定语
by willingly promoting it to friends 状语
by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers
registered with its Web site 状语
可以通过发送邮件给其网站的注册用户,提示他们产品和消费信息
参考译文:热衷于某一产品的消费者,可以通过自愿推荐给朋友的方式,创建 免费口碑媒体。企业可以通过发送邮件给其网站的注册用户,提示他们产品和销售信息。
例3:Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, the public (including other scientists)receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.
句子不难,并列较多,一个个的切分。
长难句解析:
1.researchers make discoveries;
2. editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;
3. other scientists use the new finding to suit(满足) their own purposes;
4. and finally, the public (including other scientists)receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying(随之而来的) technology.
其他成分:Within the complex social structure of the scientific community 状语
参考译文:在科学界的复杂社会结构中,研究者做出发现;编辑和评审者控制发现的发表过程进而扮演着看门人的角色;其他科学家则使用这一新发现来满足自己的需要;最后,公众包括其他科学家接受这个新发现及其可能随之而来的技术。
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